Wednesday, November 27, 2019

The Souls Of Black Folk Essays - Reconstruction Era, Free Essays

The Souls Of Black Folk Essays - Reconstruction Era, Free Essays The Souls of Black Folk by W.E.B. Du Bois Du Bois was one of those people who studied and learned a lot of things about the world, a lot of things that he found to be extremely unjust. This became his source of energy for becoming an intellectual guide for America, warning it of "the 20th century color problem" and suggesting sound and rational courses of action for the country to take. His contention was expressed lyrically and with passion in The Souls of Black Folk that he wrote in 1903. His main philosophy was that an educated black elite should lead blacks to liberation. This deviated sharply with the emphasis by Booker T. Washington that industrial training for blacks and virtual silence on the questions of social and political equality. Washington?s ideas fitted well with the views of many conservative whites but were opposed by many black leaders, among them Du Bois. While writing The Souls of Black Folk, Du Bois declared that "the problem of the Twentieth Century is the problem of the color line"and predicted the racial conflicts that continue to plague our society. As up and coming spokesperson for the African-Americans in the early 1900?s in the age of white dominance, Du Bois urged the establishment of an "all-black party" and preached the need for black "conscious self- realization" and for the separate autonomy of the black community. At the same time he stressed the white man's responsibility for correcting racial inequality and pleaded for mutual understanding, for a nonviolent solution to a centuries-old dilemma. The first few chapters cover the Freedman?s Bureau and Booker T. Washington?s philosophical applications on equality of the African-American. Du Bois creates a hybrid form of expression in The Souls of Black Folk, this is covered in chapter three. Du Bois uses this mode of writing to question American definitions of racial identity and difference and the political implications of these definitions. He then utilizes this turn-of-the-century ambiguity in definitions of race in order to argue for the necessity of recognizing, accepting, and utilizing the ethnic and racial diversity of the American people. In doing so, Du Bois uses racist positions in order to argue against racism. In The Souls of Black Folk, Du Bois created a text of mixture that incorporated fiction, musical notation, poetry, memoir, and history in order to establish for himself a multi-cultural audience of blacks and whites who he encourages to question the validity of racial discrimination and to! take political action to further the cause of social equality for members of non-white races. Du Bois was opposed to Booker T. Washington but this book brings out the reasons why. Du Bois stood in opposition to Washington because: had a program that was narrow. Washington?s philosophy was that African-Americans would only survive through submission and believed they should stick to manual work and try to join the American consumer mentality in that way. Du Bois maintained that it was not only unjust, but illogical for the white community to continue attempting to thrust the blame for the black man's condition solely on to the shoulders of the former slaves. The blame was shared by both races, but it was up to the whites as the economically and politically stronger of the two to initiate the necessary steps involved in correcting the situation. The way for a people to gain respect is not continually belittling and ridiculing themselves; that, on the contrary, all African-Americans must insist continually, in season and out of season, that voting is necessary to modern manhood. That color discrimination is barbarism, and a disease. And he presented the problem to the white man in a way he could understand. You can't help but notice a type of intellectual disgust for the South on the part of Du Bois in this book. He intellectually browbeats them throughout the book, at times quite obviously. Being raised in a wealthy New England home and having studied at Harvard and in Europe, Du Bois could not identify personally with the majority of the poor blacks in the South. The position of African-American?s will need to assert itself in that day when increasing wealth and more intricate social organization prevent the

Saturday, November 23, 2019

How to Pronounce Deng Xiaoping

How to Pronounce Deng Xiaoping In this article, we will look at how to pronounce Deng Xiaoping (é‚“å ° Ã¥ ¹ ³), the name of one of the most important politicians in China during the previous century and one of the main forces behind Chinas economic development. Below, I will first give you a quick and dirty way if you just want to have a rough idea of how to pronounce the name. Then I’ll go through more detailed description, including the analysis of common learner errors. Pronouncing Deng Xiaoping if You Don't Know Any Mandarin Chinese names usually consist of three syllables, with the first being the family name and the last two the personal name. There are exceptions to this rule, but it holds true in a vast majority of cases. Thus, there are three syllables we need to deal with. Deng - Pronounce as dang, but replace a with the e in theXiao - Pronounce as sh plus yow- in yowlPing - Pronounce as ping If you want to have a go at the tones, they are falling, low and rising respectively. Note: This pronunciation is not correct pronunciation in Mandarin. It represents my best effort to write the pronunciation using English words. To really get it right, you need to learn some new sounds (see below). How to Actually Pronounce Deng Xiaoping If you study Mandarin, you should never ever rely on English approximations like those above. Those are meant for people who dont intend to learn the language! You have to understand the orthography, i.e. how the letters relate to the sounds. There are many traps and pitfalls in Pinyin you have to be familiar with. Now, lets look at the three syllables in more detail, including common learner errors: Dà ¨ng  (fourth tone): The first syllable rarely causes serious problems for speakers of English. The only things you should pay attention to is the initial, which is unaspirated and unvoiced. The vowel sound is a relaxed central sound close to the schwa in English the.  Ã‚  XiÇŽo  (third tone): This syllable is the hardest of the three. The x sound is produced by putting the tongue tip just behind the lower teeth and then pronouncing an s, but slightly further back than a normal s. You can also try to say shhh as when telling someone to be quiet, but place your tongue tip behind the lower teeth. The final isnt all that difficult and sounds close to what I mentioned above (yowl minus the l).  Pà ­ng (second tone): This syllable is relatively close to the English word with the same spelling. It has slightly more aspiration on the p and sometimes have an added, light schwa (central vowel) between the i and the ng (this is optional). The are some variations for these sounds, but Deng Xiaoping (é‚“å ° Ã¥ ¹ ³)  can be written like this in IPA: [təŋ É•jÉ‘ÊŠ pÊ °iÅ‹] Conclusion Now you know how to pronounce Deng Xiaoping (é‚“å ° Ã¥ ¹ ³). Did you find it hard? If you’re learning Mandarin, dont worry; there arent that many sounds. Once you’ve ​learned the most common ones, learning to pronounce words (and names) will become much easier!

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Is Freedom of Speech Really Free Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Is Freedom of Speech Really Free - Essay Example Kersch (2003, p.2) writes that, â€Å"American’s belief that freedom of speech is part of their national birthright, a birthright that sets the United States above other nations, has been a constant throughout U.S. history, as many foreign visitors have observed. But the scope of that freedom has shifted radically over the course of U.S. history.† This is a very sad and eye-opening statement which can better be understood after reading the following incident. Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, delivered a speech recently in Washington, D.C. regarding the disappointment she was having in foreign leaders about respecting people’s freedom. Ray McGovern, who was a former CIA employee and a peace activist, attempted to make a protest against Hillary’s speech. He was put to silence after guards grabbed him; pulled him off cruelly; abused and double-cuffed him with metal handcuffs; and put him in jail, bleeding. Ray was abused because he opened his mouth while the Secretary of State was strongly assuring the citizens about the freedom of expression, in her speech. Ray shouted, â€Å"So, this is America?† while the cops dragged him away. The video footage can be seen on YouTube and the report by O’Connor (2011) can be read online. Is this the freedom of speech that our politicians guarantee us when they take our votes? This is nothing other than mere hypocrisy. Brad O’Leary’s book, Shut Up America!: The End of Free Speech, (2009) has beautifully explained that restrictions on freedom of thought and expression is very dangerous for our sustainability as a nation. He writes that, â€Å"In the 2008, Presidential Election, Congress issued no complaints about the content of television and print coverage of the race for the White House. But today’s congressional leaders want to punish talk radio for its critical coverage of television and print media bias† (p. ix). He asserts that today we do not enjoy f ree expression of ideas. A specific agenda is always forced on us making us believe that we are so unenlightened and provincial that we cannot understand our own good. They make us believe that we are not smart enough to be able to understand the difference between biased ideas and agendas and we cannot sort out things ourselves. We are told that we cannot form good opinions without their support, so we have to adopt their ideas and perspective to survive freely. â€Å"This group sees Americans as petulant children who refuse to eat their vegetables, and their solution is to forcefeed us what we clearly and definitely have rejected†, asserts O’Leary. A University of Florida student named Andrew Meyer asked some questions of Senator John Kerry in 2007 during a forum. He was constantly and excitedly trying to ask Kerry why he approved the 2004 election even after numerous reports of disenfranchisement of black voters and pre-prepared electronic-voting machines. Meyer was thought of being impolite and obnoxious. The police attacked him and eventually forced him to submit after Tasering him (FOXNews, 2007). Tasering means applying electric shock by means of a weapon which is used by police to control suspects. In the YouTube video, Meyer can be heard howling with pain, "Don't Tase me, bro, don't Tase me". What does this incident tell us about the freedom of speech? Is it really free? Certainly not. We can no more raise our voices. We cannot ask questions of our officials. We cannot say that we are not satisfied. We

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Plastic Surgery Complications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Plastic Surgery Complications - Essay Example A very common problem in surgery that may occur is anesthesia or Sedation. Possible problems and complications including irregular heartbeat, brain injure, heart attack, blood clots, any sort of stoke, nervous breakdown, paralysis and in the worst cases, death is also possible. Ex- Miss Argentina, Solange Mahnano who was just 37 year old passed away due to a plastic surgery, leaving seven year old twins behind (CNN, 2009). Anesthesia can occasionally aggravate air passages, that may result in tremor of the vocal cords and blockage of the airway may occur. Another complication could be Malignant Hyperthermia that may result in the complicated disorder in one’s Blood pressure, heartbeat and body temperature. If not recognized and treated quickly, can lead to death. This may be inherited. In case, circulation of blood is upset up to severe extent then it may also cause Brain Damage or failure. Due to a few muscular disorders, patient might suffer Temporary paralysis. However, Temporary Paralysis can be recovered. It is always advisable to discuss complete medical history that could be any lung disease or any other disorder with your physician or surgeon. Heart Patients must not go for cosmetic surgery in any case as it could result in severe complications. In almost all the surgeries, bleeding cannot be avoided and is treated normally. Especially in hair transplant, noticeable bleeding is expected. However, bleeding at extreme level and bleeding right after the surgery can gather beneath the skin and a need of another surgery may arise. Similarly, DVT or blood clots may occur due to long operations. General anesthesia might cause DVT. It can take place as a consequence of blood pooling, especially, in the case of pregnancy etc. It is not very normal to deal with such situation. Plastic Surgery Truth published that Cosmetic surgery is very popular

Sunday, November 17, 2019

The History of Italian Theatre Essay Example for Free

The History of Italian Theatre Essay The Italian Renaissance occurred from 1550 1700. The rapid economic growth in Italy during this time made it possible for the more wealthy citizens to endulge in alternate forms of entertainment. Wealthy families such as the Medicis began a system of patronage, in which they would finance artists to produce art in many forms. Italian theatre used the plays of ancient Greek and Roman theatre (dramas) as well as mediaeval theatre (religious plays) as a foundation. Commedia dellArte The main style used by theatre groups in Italy during this period was called commedia or Commedia dellArte. Commedia dellArte or the comedy of professional artists was a mainstay in Italian theatre during its renaissance. This included bits of comedy performed by different actors called lazzi. The type of comedy used in the Italian Renaissance was what is now known as slapstick or farce. This was a comedy style, which highlighted pain or misfortune occurring to the actors in a humorous context. For the most part the actors in these comedies used no scripts. The actors were given a plot or scenario and acted out these plots in a humorous way. These performances were often vulgar and obscene. Standardize characters developed and appeared in familiar costumes and wearing masks. The character standards for Commedia included these general outlines: Pantalone: A greedy old man, merchant or fool, often lustful, conniving, and  meddling. Dottore: A drunk, often proffesor or doctor dressed in a cap and gown. Capitano: A soldier who was braggadocios and cowardly. Inamorati: Young lovers who appeared quite normal compared to the rest of  the characters. zanni: Foolish servants. Usually two servants, one being drunk and  more foolish than his cohort. Neoclassicism Neoclassicists were rigid critics of Italian drama. They developed rules for theatre performances that survived for nearly 200 years in Europe. These mandates were claimed to have been derived from Greek and Roman models. Five central concepts of neoclassicism are as follows; verisimilitude, decorum, purity of genres, the three unities, and two fold purpose. Verisimilitude The seeking of truth. An attempt to portray the performance as a reasonable interpretation of what is real or reasonably expected in real life. Decorum The way in which characters of certain classes behaved according to that class. Age, sex, rank, and profession would be acted out as if the characters held those standings. A strong sense of moral right and wrong was upheld, reflected by the punishment of evil, and the rewarding of good. Purity of Genres Comedy and tragedy were never mixed. The elements of one genre were never to be interspersed with the performance of another. The use of the chorus, the deus ex machina, and the soliloquy, was prohibited. The Three Unities The concept of the unity of time, place, and action. Unity of time required a reasonable time for the action of the play to take place; usually no more than 24 hours. Unity of place required that the play should include no more than one place or location. Unity of action required that there be no sub plots, secondary plots or counter-plots. Two Fold Purpose The two purposes of neoclassical Italian plays were to teach and entertain. Opera Opera is the one form of Italian renaissance theatre that still survives to this day. It was developed in the late 1500s in Florence. Opera was originally an attempt to recreate a genuine Greek tragedy. Observing the Greek fusion of music and drama, the originators of opera attempted, and succeeded in, producing a completely sung dialogue in their interpretations. Opera is a form of drama that creates its mood, actions, and characters through music The first opera on record is called Dafne (1597). The text of the opera was written by, Ottavio Rinuccini (1562 1621). The music was scored by, Jacopo Peri (1561-1633). The opera, which consisted of a prologue and six scenes, was performed during the pre-Lenten Carnival of Palazzo Corsi. The Camerata Fiorentina, an academy of wealthy Italians who studied ancient Greek and Roman theatre, produced Dafne. The actual textual part of the opera is called the libretto. One, two, three or four performers can sing the librettos; these performances are called an aria (solo), a duet, a trio, and a quartet respectively. The visual display (intermezzo), along with musical excellence and strong performances, keep opera alive as a form of powerful dramatic art. Staging, Scenery, and Lighting The use of perspective drawing as a means to capture realistic backdrops was a common theme among 16th century stage designers. The illusion of depth was achieved through perspective drawing techniques using vanishing points as objects appeared closer to the horizon; they were painted smaller and smaller on their scenic backdrops. The first use of this technique is believed to have occurred in 1508, for a performance of Ariostos La Cassaria. A leading author and set creator named Sebastion Serlio wrote about this technique and other scene design methods in his book Architettura (1545). Different kinds of illusionistic backdrops settings were developed for the three major types of plays of the era (comic, pastoral, and tragic). A three-sided revolving prism called the periaktoi, was developed to change between different settings. This was quite an innovation for its time, as the scenery could be changed right before the audiences eyes. Other advances included the proscenium frame and front curtain along with varied flying machines (glories) and other special effects. Lighting inside the dark theaters of renaissance Italy also had to be addressed. Oil lamps and candles were the primary source of stage lighting. Though candles and lamps produced some smoke, they were placed in chandeliers and on the front of the stage. Placing translucent receptacles or canisters over them could dim candles when lower light levels were called for. Due to the size and lack of sufficient lighting of the theatres, artificial lighting was an ever-present necessity.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

The Recluse Essay -- Literary Analysis

Wordsworth suffers solitude, even as he celebrates it. Alone, the poet can explore his own consciousness; it exists at both poles of the notion of ‘emotion recollected in tranquillity’, and is the dominant developmental mode of Wordsworth’s childhood as depicted in The Prelude (1805). Independence is what is exalted in his introduction to that poem: he greets the ‘gentle breeze’ as a ‘captive†¦ set free’ from the ‘vast city’ which has been as a ‘prison’ to his spirit. The oppression of city living is alleviated in this opening reacquisition of isolation; the relief is evident: ‘I breathe again’, ‘that burthen of my own unnatural self [is shaken off], /The heavy weight of many a weary day/ Not mine, and such as were not made for me’. In this, the commencing statement of his autobiography, the independence of solitude is represented as the essential quality of his poetic felicity. T he ‘egoistical sublime’ observed by Keats is manifest in this poetry in a separation from other men, rather than in that of a Byron, whose narrators’ egotisms are evinced by their social interactions. Wordsworth’s company is nature; his sister, his wife, his children exist as assimilations rather than relationships. The sister of Lines Written a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey, is conjured into independence in the final paragraph, so as to exist as a previous self: ‘For thou are with me’, he suddenly reveals, ‘and in thy voice I catch/ The language of my former heart’. She is externalised when poetically useful; and it is by this externalisation that Wordsworth is able to avert and diminish his poem’s undercurrent doubts. ‘This prayer I make/ Knowing that Nature never did betray/ The heart that loved her’, has a contrary traction as a plea intimating des... ...this as his essential condition, but it is worth observing that ‘recluse’ does not imply total isolation. Wordsworth’s solitude, as he left childhood, was never again to be absolute; for as consciousness developed, so did his capacity to apprehend himself, in language, so even alone he could not be alone without self-intercourse, mediated by language. His solitude was necessary for his vocation, but his vocation trespassed on that solitude; for to be a poet is to cast experience away from the self: even in egotism, isolation is disrupted by the projection of an audience. Works Cited Gil, Stephen ed. William Wordsworth: The Major Works (OUP 1984) Hartman, Geoffrey Wordsworth’s Poetry 1787-1814 (Yale University Press 1971) Morgan, Monique R. ‘Narrative Means to Lyric Ends in Wordsworth’s Prelude’ (Narrative, Volume 16, Number 3, October 2008, pp. 298-330)

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Grand Theories Essay

Early nursing theorists were drawing from a different experience than we do today, but today’s nursing would probably not be what it is if it were not for the early Grand theorists. Florence Nightingale, Henderson, Peplau, and King all had strong influences on nursing in their own time and continue to influence nursing and nursing theory today. This paper will discuss that influence. Florence Nightingale, though seen as Grand theorists did not really have a theory; she really had a broad philosophy. Her basic tenet was healing and the philosophy consisted of healing, leadership, and global action (McEwen & Wills, 2007). Everything was focused on the needs of the patient. Nightingale felt that the physician was the one to write orders and it was the responsibility of the nurse to carry those orders out. She felt that anticipating and meeting the needs of the patient fell in the realm of the nurse. Though Florence Nightingales work is not well organized in its thought, it has to be remembered that she was in the process of theorizing when women were still handmaidens (Kikuchi, 2008). Virginia Henderson was an educator and author who is known as the mother of nursing because of her influence throughout the world of nursing. She created with some of her colleagues, the basic curriculum of nursing which was centered around patient centered care which was done with nursing problems and separate from a medical diagnosis (Jasorsky, 2010). Henderson felt that here theories of nursing grew throughout her career as a nurse and evolved from patient care. She sees the patient as a sum of parts such as biopsychosocial needs. She feels the patient is not a consumer or a client. Her major assumption of care is that nurses care for patients until patients can care for themselves. Her opinion is that patients have a desire to return to health and that nurses are willing to serve and will devote themselves to patients day and night. She lists 14 activities which are used for patient assistance. These include breathing normally, eating and drinking, eliminating, moving, sleeping, dressing, maintaining body temperature, avoiding dangers in the environment, communicating, worshiping, working, playing and learning. She felt that the nurse conceptually should assist the patient in those things that lead to recovery or in a peaceful death. Peplau who contributed much to the development of others theories was really rather limited in the scope in which she worked. Though she was famous for her work, she was generally a psyche nurse and approached the needs of patients and nursing from that venue (Clark, 1978). Jean Orlando who is one of many built her framework and theory upon the theories of Peplau. These theories are somewhat abstract and though they are used to guide some of nursing practice, probably less so than many. Imogene King on the other hand had a very complicated theory in which the assumptions pertain to individuals, nurse-client interactions and nursing as a whole. In the nurse-client relationship, she believes that the perceptions that each comes to the relationship with, affect that relationship. That relationship is also affected by the influence of goals, needs and values of both the client and the nurse, individuals have the right to participate in decisions and that both the client and the nurse have the right to affect their lives (Crow, 1992). She believed that nursing was the care of human beings and that meant that the nurse must, perceive, think, related, sometimes judge, and act on the behalf of the patients. The goal of nursing is to help patients restore health. Primary Elements King believed that the nurse and patient are purposeful interacting systems, and that the interaction between a nurse and a client are influenced by perceptions that have been previously developed. Peplau determined that the need of the patient was determined by the nurse and then the nurse must find a response to the patients need. She also felt that patients respond to nursing when there is a need and it is not always simple to discern what that need is. Henderson believed that nurses care for patients and they are willing to do that no matter what and that nursing diagnosis was separate from medical diagnosis. Florence Nightingale also felt that the job of the nurse was to care for the patient; she however felt that physicians determined what the patient needed and the nurse carried out his order ( Henderson, 2008). In some ways, these theorists all believe the same thing. The patient is the center of the care needed and only the patient can tell you what is needed. They also believe that nursing care and physician care are separate entities which lead to different diagnosis and different methods of treatment. In relating these theories to labor and delivery and women’s services, King’s theory comes to thought first. She believes that patients come to nursing care with preconceived ideas. Where else could this be truer than in labor and delivery where the expectation is a healthy baby. Sometimes though Peplau’s theories may need to be used because not everyone has a healthy baby and when that happens there are psychosocial issues that must be solved and only the patient can tell you how she feels. Henderson believed that nurses will work day and night to solve a patient’s issues and more than once in my career I have seen this happen as a nurse stays with a high risk patient for delivery and of course Florence Nightingale who believes that the patient is the center of all which there is no question about in the L& D. In conclusion, the nursing Grand Theories have influenced nursing for quite some time. Each of the theories talked about here have been built upon until today’s nursing has emerged. There is still much to do and only now are we learning how to use these theories in such a way as to define nursing in a way that will continue to give the profession forward momentum in the desire to care for patients in a quality way and in the desire to be independent and accountable in our own profession. Resources Clark, J. (1982). Development of models and theories on the concept of nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 7(2). 129-134. Clark, J. (1988). 30th anniversary commentary on Henderson. The concept of nursing. 3. 113-130. Crow, R. (2982). Frontiers of nursing in the twenty first century: development of models and theories on the concept of nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing 7(2). Fawcett, J. (2005). Evaluation of theory. Nursing Science Quarterly. 18(2). Henderson, S. , Happell, B. (2008). Impact of theory & clinical placement on undergraduate students mental health nursing, knowledge, skills, and attitudes. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing 16(5). 116-125. Jasorsky, D. , Morrow, M. , Clementi, P. (2010). Theories in action and how nursing practice changed. Nursing Science Quarterly. 23(1). 29-30. Kikuchi, J. (2008). Cultural theories of nursing responsive to human needs and values. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 37(4). McEwen, M. , & Wills, E. (2007). Theoretical Basis for Nursing. 2nd ed. Lippincott: Boston.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Friction and Shoe Slide

|Name: Brennan Gedney |Date: November 16, 2011 | Graded Assignment Lab Report Answer the questions, using complete sentences. When you have finished, submit this assignment to your teacher by the due date for full credit. (9 points) |Score | | | 1. In Part 1, did the force of friction on the shoe depend on the weight of the shoe? If the two are related, why are they? What does the slope of the line on the graph of force of friction vs. eight represent? Explain using your data. Answer: The frictional force did depend on the weight of the shoe. The more mass a shoe had, the large frictional force was required. The more weight a shoe has, the more gravity pulls on the shoe. This means that there is a larger normal force, which multiplied by the same coefficient of friction gives a larger frictional force. The slope of the line of friction vs. weight represents the rate at which the frictional force increases due to weight. (8 points) |Score | | | 2. Does an athletic shoe work better on a basketball court than a dress or dance shoe? Why or why not? Explain using data from Parts 1 and 2. Answer: An athletic shoe does not work better than a dress shoe on a basketball court. Athletic shoes have more grip than dress shoes, and thus require more force to move. Based on my data, the dress shoe requires less applied force to move than an athletic shoe. (8 points) |Score | | | 3. If you wanted the athletic shoe to slide faster on a surface, what might you do to the shoe? Provide at least two ways to make the shoe slide faster, and explain in terms of the force of friction and the coefficient of friction. Answer: To make a shoe slide faster, you might decrease the weight of the shoe. This would decrease the normal force, and thus the force of friction, allowing the shoe to slide faster. Another way to slide the shoe faster would be to slide it down an inclined plane. This would decrease the coefficient of static friction because the angle used in  µs = tan ? would be smaller. |Your Score |___ of 25 |

Thursday, November 7, 2019

flimmaking essays

flimmaking essays In the period previous to the 1930's, the predominant form of filmmaking was that of the crank camera. This is not to say that motor-driven cameras were not possible. However, the motors to advance the film were so large that they were simply too cumbersome to be effective. Thus, it was the cameraman himself who would crank the film at a steady rate to expose the frames. When it came to showing the film, on the other hand, motor driven projectors were quite convenient, and by the 1920's a standard 24 frames per second was established for projecting films. Filming, however, remained unstandardized due to the inherent variation in recording speeds, since it depended directly on the cameraman. An experienced cameraman was capable of filming an entire film at approximately the same speed, yet often variations were made in the recording speed for dramatic effect. Decreasing the number of cranks, for example, exposed fewer frames and thus when projected at the standard 24 frames created the frenzied action that characterized much of the Vaudeville cinema. The French filmmaker Georges Melies was among the first to employ changing backdrops and costumes to tell his story. Up until that point many film were only a few minutes long taking place on a single set. Changing sets and costumes opened a vast range of new possibilities and spurred further growth in the fledgling industry. As the film industry expanded in America, filmmakers found and increasing need for to establish a single location at which they could build sets and film undisturbed. The bright sunlight, relative stability of climate, and varied terrain found in California made it an ideal place to film, much of the reason for the industry's concentration there. During this time, films were shot on a single reel, resulting in filmstrips that were only 15-20 minutes. Independent producers pioneered the use of double reel filmmaking during the years before the First World War...

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

When To Apply For College Complete Timeline

When To Apply For College Complete Timeline SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Manystudents start college in the fall after they graduate high school, but their planning and applying starts yearsbefore. Application deadlines may be in the fall or winter of senior year, and completing each step on the path to college mightstartas early as freshman year. This article is concerned with when to apply for college: when do you complete each step of the process, and when are your college deadlines? After reading this, you'll know exactly when to apply to college and what steps are needed. Let's first consider what the majority of students do. When Do the Majority of Students Apply to College? Most students apply to college in their senior year of high school. They graduate in May or Juneand then start college in Septemberof that same year. There are a few different deadlines, and schools offer variousoptions for when to apply forcollege. These options include one or more of the following: early decision, early action, regular decision, and rolling admissions. Generally speaking, you would apply for early admissions in November of 12th grade. To meet a regular decision deadline, you’d apply a few months later in January or February. Let’s take a look at each deadline in more specific detail, starting with early decision and early action. When Do You Apply for Early Admissions? Early admissions includes two options, early decision and early action. While early decision and early action differ in terms of their conditions, they share similar timelines. Both have a deadline in November and allow you to hear back about your admissions decision in mid-December. Some popular schools with early action deadlines of November 1 are Boston College, CalTech, Georgetown, Harvard, MIT, Princeton, Stanford, University of Virginia, Villanova, and Yale. Popular early decision schools with a November 1 deadline include Boston University, Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Duke, NYU, University of Pennsylvania, and Vanderbilt. Some schools with early decisionnow also offer an Early Decision II deadline, which is in January. This binding option lets you hear back early from your first choice school, usually in February, about whether or not you got in.Some popular schools with Early DecisionII deadlines of January 1 are Bowdoin, Brandeis, Emory, NYU, Smith, Tufts, and Vanderbilt. Early admissions can be a great option for students who are prepared to apply early and appreciate early notification. If you're planning to apply early, when do you complete each step of the process? Your College Planning Timeline for Early Deadlines Rome wasn't built in a day, and neither should your application be. You need to take time filling out your application, thoughtfully writing about your extracurricular involvement, and proofreading all of the information for errors. Apart from filling out your app, you'll have to take time fulfilling other requirements. Three that demand the most planning and time are your personal essay, recommendation letters and SAT or ACT scores. You should spend a few months thinking about and writing your personal essay. Giving yourself space to brainstorm and mull over ideas is an important part of the writing process that can take weeks. Since your essay is such an important part of your application, you should spend a couple of months drafting, getting feedback, and revising it until it feels precise and authentic, almost like a work of art. To meet an early deadline, you might begin working on it over the summer before senior year. While it's rare that the Common App changes its essay prompts, they have done so in the past. Common App announced these changes in August. Keep this in mind when working on your essay, but don't worry about drastic changes in the questions. Generally speaking, they all ask you tocommunicatesomething important about your identity and show how you make meaning of significant experiences in your life. A second piece of your application that requires your attention early on is your recommendation letters. You should ask your counselor and teachers at least a month before your deadlines, likely by the end of September. You might also ask your junior year teachers at the end of 11th grade. Apart from making the request, you should also spend a week or so thinking about and filling out your "brag sheet," so that your recommenders have some thoughtful material to consult when they begin to write. Finally,you want to leave yourself plenty of time to take the SAT or ACT. You might take the tests two or three times to achieve your target scores. You also would benefit from several months to study and improve. To apply for an early deadline, you'd ideally have your test scores all set by the end of junior year. You might be able to take the tests in September or October of senior year, but these dates should be a last resort, rather than a "make or break" test date. To reiterate, you'll want to work on your essays a few months before your November deadlines, ask for recommendationsin junior year or September of senior year, and start prepping and planning for the SAT or ACT at the end of 10th or beginning of 11th grade. Applying early to college isan increasingly popular option among students, but the majority of students still apply under regular decision. Read on to learn about regular decision deadlines and how they impact your college planning. When Do You Apply Under Regular Decision? The most commonregular decision deadlinesare in January and February. January 1 is a common date, making for a busy winter break! January 15 and January 31 are popular ones, too. Some schoolswith regular decision January 1 deadlines are Boston University, Harvard, NYU, and Yale, among many others. Students who apply under regular decision usually hear back about their admissions decisions in March or April. Since regular decision deadlines are in the winter, how does your college planning schedule differ from that to meet an early deadline? Your College Planning Timeline for RegularDeadlines Does your timeline match the one described above for early deadlines except pushed forward two to three months? Yes and no. You have to consider how busy the fall of senior year is, both for you and for your teachers and counselors. If your schedule is packed with challenging courses and after school involvements, then you still might want to work on your essay over the summer months, when you have more time and focus for it. You also might still ask for your recommendations in September, or at least October. Some teachers set a cap on how many letters they'll write, and they probably don't want to spend their entire winter holiday writing letters. Try to ask early in the fall semester. You might have one more opportunity to take the SAT or ACT, like in December. It's still advisable to take it at least once in junior year, and many students take it twice - in the fall of 11th grade and again in the spring. Again, you want to think about your schedule in the fall and how to best balance putting together a strong college application with all your other assignments, clubs, and/or sports. Finally, some schools don’t have set deadlines at allandare flexible about when applications arrive. This option is called rolling admissions. When Do You Apply for Rolling Admissions? Your timeline for applying rolling admissions depends on a few factors and may vary from student to student. Schools with rolling admissions accept applications throughout a period of time, usually ranging from the fall to the spring. The University of Virginiaopens its application window on September 1, for instance. Since most schools with rolling admissionsaccept applicationson a first come, first served basis - sometimes notifying you of admission only a few weeks after you submit - it’s advisable to apply as early as possible. Sticking to an early deadline of November or regular deadline in January, even though you don’t absolutely have to, is a good guideline to follow. Not only will setting a deadline for yourselfhelp you keep better track of your college planning, but it will help you apply early and thereby impress admissions officers and gaina better chance of admission. Some schools with rolling admission also publicize a priority deadline, meaning students who apply by that deadline have an advantage. UVA’s priority deadline, for instance, is November 30. They’ll still accept applications after, but you’ll have improved chances if you apply by then. So far, this article assumes that you’re applying as a senior to go right into college. Of course, not all students immediately move ontocollege after graduating. Some choose to take a gap year or apply later in life. Others actually get a headstart on college and apply even younger. When do these students apply? When Do You Apply If You're Not a High School Senior? There are other timelines for applying to college besides the typical one that culminates in senior year.Maybe you want to work for a year or two before entering college. Maybe you have the opportunity to volunteer abroad or travel the world. Perhaps you graduated years ago and are now thinking about going back to school for your degree. In these cases, you'll still apply to meet the same early or regular deadlines or rolling admissions time frame. However, you might need to leave yourself extra time to collect all your application materials. Let’s consider each of the above situations individually. "I Want to Take a Gap Year" If this sounds like you, when do you apply for college? Actually, your timeline might still involve applying senior year. Lots of schools allow you to defer your admissions decision for a year. That means you would still apply by an early or regular deadline, or rolling admissions, and then if you got accepted, you'd defer your enrollment for one academic year. You might be thinking that you want to travel and then figure out where to go to college. This could be a good option too, but remember that your deadlines might still be in January. That meansyou’ll still need to have your SAT scores finalized, letters of recommendation gathered, and essays written throughout the fall. Not all that much time will have passed since highschool, so it could be a lot easier to get everything collectedwhile you’re still in the swing of schooland used to being a student. If you’ve been out of school already for a year or two, then that’s a different story. "I'm Going Back to College After a Year or More Off" If you’ve been out of high school for a while, then you’ll probably have to reconnect with your school for teacher and counselor recommendations and official documents, like your transcript. if you haven’t taken the SAT or ACT yet, then you may have to study and take one of those tests as well. Your deadlines will be in November or December, as mentioned above, and you’ll mostly wantto follow similar steps, like asking for recommendationsat least a month before your deadlines and leaving yourself a couple opportunities to prep for and take the SAT or ACT. If you've been out of school for several years, then colleges might not require you take the SAT or ACT as they would a high school student. You'll want to contact the colleges early to find out whether or not you need to prep for and take one of these exams. It’d be advisable to leave yourself extra time so that you can meet with your recommenders and help them write you a letter. Since you’re nota current student, you’ll want to have extra time to set up appointments with faculty and gather all the documents you need. Finally, when do students apply if they want to graduate high school earlierthan senior year? "I'm Graduating High School Early" There are rare advanced students who earn enough credits, perhaps from courses at a local community college or online, to graduate high school early and go straight into college at a young age. These students push their timeline earlier by a year or two, taking the SATor ACTas freshmen or sophomores, and gathering all their documents early. If this sounds like you, you'll probably wantto work closely with your counselors, administrators, and teachers to make sure they agree with your choice. You might take your tests in freshmen and sophomore year, ask your sophomore year teachers for recommendations, and apply in the fall or winter of your junior year. You may also have to take the GED to earn the equivalent of your high school diploma. Make sure you've met all graduation requirements and, of course, have concrete, realistic reasons for graduating high school early and enrolling in college. The aforementioned situations are exceptions rather than the rule, but can be great options if they apply to your situation and needs. In closing, let's review when most students submit their applications to colleges. ToSum Up... We've covered all the important details of when to apply for college. The majority of students apply tocollege in January or February of their senior year to meet regular decision deadlines. They hear back in April and choose a college by the national response date of May 1. Other students might apply in November with early decision or early action, or through a range of time with rolling admissions. To meet deadlines, college planning must start at least a year or two out. This includes prepping for the SATor ACTand writing essays, but it alsoincludesthe time it takes to reflect on your interests, explore new ones, and think deeply about where you'd like to go to college. As you explore and develop in high school, you should be thinking about your goals and what college communities wouldprovide you with the intellectual climate and opportunities to thrive. This journey starts early in high school, and of course continues throughout the rest of your life. What’sNext? Now that you have a sense of when to start applying for college, what aboutspecific deadlines forschools? This guide hasthe full list of early decision deadlines, and this one has the complete list of early action deadlines. Are you a younger student interested in getting more involved in community service?Learn all about community service here, plus check out the 9 best places to volunteer. Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Sunday, November 3, 2019

IT Architectural Considerations and Solutions Details for Proposed Case Study

IT Architectural Considerations and Solutions Details for Proposed Technology Solution - Case Study Example Themistocleous et al (n.d.) indicates that ERP systems were introduced in businesses as a means of solving different types of problems and integrating their IT infrastructure. The EpicorVista is especially suited for all kinds of businesses including manufacturing, retail and services. The solutions encompass all the requirements pointed out in the memorandum which was sent earlier. The company is involved in all three areas and putting a system in place that would facilitate the efficient and effective operations of the businesses would be worth the expenditure. This would reduce SUH’s operating cost. Instead of having three different information systems there will be only one. The number of license required could be reduced with the introduction and use of the internet as a part of the architecture. Therefore, instead of having a license for each branch of each business unit there would be a maximum of three licenses, incorporating the three business units. The diagram in th e Appendix illustrates how the IT infrastructure will look. The Progress Database that is in use at CarbonTech could be considered for all three business units. According to Smart IT Consulting (2006) Progress RDBMS supports almost an infinite number of both users and transactions and requires little maintenance and administration. In addition to that it allows for flexibility and scalability of the system and has a lot more elements to recommend it. In fact, Laudon and Laudon (2006) indicate Relational DBMS offers more flexibility in that it facilitates various types of queries. It also combines information from a variety of sources, and allows for additional data to be included without causing disruptions (Laudon and Laudon 2006). Important IT Characteristics In arriving at a decision on the information system that is required certain characteristics are of paramount importance. The IT characteristics that are most important for the proposed solution at SUH are maintainability, po rtability, scalability and usability. These are discussed in detail as follows: i. Maintainability – The system has to be adequately maintained if it is to achieve the desired results. The business environment is changing and the system has to be capable of facilitating all the necessary changes that may be required. This has to be done quickly in order to facilitate timely reporting and decision making. Additionally, the company needs to see some improvements in its operations as a result of its implementation within a limited time period. ii. Portability – The system is capable of being used on various types of devices. It allows for use by sales staff that is in the field securing business. Internet connectivity will allow them to spend more time in the field instead of returning for updates. iii. Scalability – This is a major advantage of the EpicorVista software. It can be scaled upwards in order to facilitate increased business including additional users a nd transactions. Therefore, the success that CarbonTech has achieved with the use of this system can be achieved by the other business units which are much larger. iv. Usability –

Friday, November 1, 2019

Financial Anaylsis of ASMAK Company Research Paper

Financial Anaylsis of ASMAK Company - Research Paper Example The company sets high objectives for itself and strives to be the leading company in the field of aquaculture. Until recently, ASMAK management have decided to diversify its business activities in other fields like real estate, consultancy services, etc. ASMAK suffered a huge setback financially in the year 2011 and its sales revenues declined significantly. Hence, it has been involved in borrowing money to recover its profitability position, thereby increasing its debt exposure considerably. However the company has huge opportunities available which can be explored effectively to make huge gains from it. The company is recovering at a fast rate and might be requiring more money which they would have to borrow in the upcoming future. Introduction International Fish Farming Holding Company, commonly called as ASMAK is a well reputed fish farming company in the Middle East. It is a multinational public company located at Abu Dhabi. . The company has been studied it details and has been discussed in this study. First of all a brief overview about the company affairs have been mentioned in this study. Next the company objectives and the business activities followed by the company have been discussed in details in this study. The strategic plans of the company’s management in future have also been studied. ... The economic environment of the country and how it had an effect on the company has been mentioned in the study. A detailed analysis of the aquaculture industry and its market in UAE and abroad has been carried over in this study. Various types of financial risks associated with the company have also been discussed in this study. The financial statements of the company for the past two years have been analyzed to know about the current financial condition and the need of further financing by the company. Next a SWOT analysis of the company has been carried out in order to analyze impact of various internal and external factors on the company. Hence, this study gives a detailed overview about the company and its business activities. Company Overview The International Fish Farming Holding Company is an UAE based multinational company headquartered at Abu Dhabi. It is commonly known as ASMAK. It is a public company which was established in the year 1999. Its shares are traded in the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange. ASMAK is one of the leading companies in the field of manufacturing and exporting frozen fish products in the Middle East and UAE. ASMAK aspires to be the leading aquaculture organization in the world. It aims to have a rapid expansion of its business all over the Arabian Gulf nations and worldwide. Fishing is a common practice for many years in the states of the Gulf Corporation Council (GCC). The business process of ASMAK includes, preservation of fish and other resources from seas through freezing and cooling, trading of the fish products, farming of fishes, packing and processing of sea foods, exports, etc. It is also engaged in the business of providing consulting services regarding sea resources. ASMAK